{"query": "Reaction direction — Gibbs and the second law", "count": 20, "results": [{"id": "card_chem_reaction_direction", "title": "Reaction direction — Gibbs and the second law", "shelf": "codex", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "A reaction runs when Delta G = Delta H - T Delta S < 0 (sealed on the chemistry stick): the second law, deciding direction. Chemistry rests on the quantum for what is possible and on thermodynamics fo", "authority_tier": "engine_derived", "source": "Narrow Highway — chemistry", "readable": false, "generated": false}, {"id": "card_alm_connection_entropy_is_thermodynamic", "title": "Almanac: Shannon entropy and thermodynamic entropy are the same quantity", "shelf": "almanac", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "SITUATION\n  The entropy of a message and the entropy of a gas are not analogies -- they are one formula. information_theory confirmed Shannon entropy numerically: a fair coin carries 1 bit, four equal", "authority_tier": "reference", "source": "The Almanac — verified-only practical wisdom (sealed)", "readable": false, "generated": false}, {"id": "card_floor_chemistry", "title": "Chemistry — quantum mechanics applied, the periodic table", "shelf": "codex", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "The world of substances, standing on the physics region. Chemistry is the Schrodinger equation for electrons around nuclei, plus Pauli exclusion, plus electromagnetism; the periodic table falls out of", "authority_tier": "engine_derived", "source": "Narrow Highway — chemistry", "readable": false, "generated": false}, {"id": "card_src_openstax_organic_chemistry_key_terms_d39e8b7e", "title": "Key Terms — Organic Chemistry", "shelf": "chemistry", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "Key Terms\n\n6 • Key Terms\n\n6 • Key Terms\n\nactivation energy (ΔG‡)\n\nactive site\n\naddition reaction\n\nbond dissociation energy (D)\n\ncarbocation\n\nelectrophile\n\nelimination reaction\n\nendergonic\n\nendothermic", "authority_tier": "reference", "source": "OpenStax: Organic Chemistry (CC-BY 4.0)", "readable": false, "generated": false}, {"id": "card_src_book_59164", "title": "Index of the Project Gutenberg Works of George Gibbs — George Gibbs", "shelf": "gutenberg", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "Index of the Project Gutenberg Works of George Gibbs, by George Gibbs. Subjects: Indexes. Read the full text (public domain): https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/59164", "authority_tier": "reference", "source": "Project Gutenberg (public domain)", "readable": true, "generated": false}, {"id": "card_n_de34fa421022", "title": "Gibbs free energy — will a reaction go?", "shelf": "science", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "ΔG = ΔH − T·ΔS decides spontaneity: a reaction proceeds on its own only when ΔG < 0.\nSealed in-domain: ΔH = −100 kJ/mol, ΔS = 200 J/mol·K at 300 K gives ΔG = −160 kJ/mol —\nspontaneous (https://narrowh", "authority_tier": "engine_derived", "source": "Concordance assay — 2026-07-09", "readable": false, "generated": false}, {"id": "card_src_pron_gibb", "title": "gibb", "shelf": "pronunciation", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "gibb: pronounced (ARPABET) JH IH1 B. From the CMU Pronouncing Dictionary — the standard machine-readable pronunciations of North American English.", "authority_tier": "reference", "source": "CMU Pronouncing Dictionary (cmudict) — BSD-2-Clause, Carnegie Mellon", "readable": false, "generated": false}, {"id": "card_src_pron_gibbs", "title": "gibbs", "shelf": "pronunciation", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "gibbs: pronounced (ARPABET) G IH1 B Z. From the CMU Pronouncing Dictionary — the standard machine-readable pronunciations of North American English.", "authority_tier": "reference", "source": "CMU Pronouncing Dictionary (cmudict) — BSD-2-Clause, Carnegie Mellon", "readable": false, "generated": false}, {"id": "card_arch_c53ede293c844ebb", "title": "The collected works of J. Willard Gibbs ..", "shelf": "trades", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "The collected works of J. Willard Gibbs .. — a public-domain work on mechanics, published 1928. Held in the ark; the full text is the TORTOISE — fetched on demand from the Internet Archive, not carrie", "authority_tier": "reference", "source": "Internet Archive — collectedworksj00longgoog (public domain)", "readable": true, "generated": false}, {"id": "card_c_ec9bfe0734fd", "title": "Gibbs free energy — will a reaction go? ↔ Fokker–Planck & Liouville — probability flow", "shelf": "connections", "surface": null, "snippet": "This is the second law of thermodynamics doing chemistry, the same entropy arrow that pointed the Fokker–Planck fluid toward equilibrium.  — a concord the card itself states; mined + verified.", "authority_tier": "engine_derived", "source": "Concordance miner — 2026-07-11", "readable": false, "generated": false}, {"id": "card_c_629127d6c46a", "title": "Cohesion and fracture — the mechanism of hol ↔ Gibbs free energy — will a reaction go?", "shelf": "connections", "surface": null, "snippet": "diamond should become graphite (Gibbs favors it) but the barrier is too high (sealed in chemistry)  — a concord the card itself states; mined + verified.", "authority_tier": "engine_derived", "source": "Concordance miner — 2026-07-11", "readable": false, "generated": false}, {"id": "card_src_pd_collectedworksj00longgoog", "title": "The collected works of J. Willard Gibbs ..", "shelf": "practical", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "The collected works of J. Willard Gibbs .. (1928). A book returned to the public domain — archive.org copyright status: NOT_IN_COPYRIGHT. The full text (1,163,132 bytes) is held on the ark; waybill sh", "authority_tier": "reference", "source": "public domain (copyright expired)", "readable": true, "generated": false}, {"id": "card_src_word_gibbs", "title": "gibbs", "shelf": "dictionary", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "gibbs: (noun) United States chemist (1839-1903) — syn: Josiah Willard Gibbs", "authority_tier": "reference", "source": "WordNet 3.0, Princeton University (WordNet License)", "readable": false, "generated": false}, {"id": "card_src_word_josiah_willard_gibbs", "title": "josiah willard gibbs", "shelf": "dictionary", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "josiah willard gibbs: (noun) United States chemist (1839-1903) — syn: Gibbs", "authority_tier": "reference", "source": "WordNet 3.0, Princeton University (WordNet License)", "readable": false, "generated": false}, {"id": "card_works_chemistry", "title": "Chemistry, two ways: will it run, and is it acid", "shelf": "the-works", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "Gibbs free energy decides whether a reaction proceeds on its own (ΔG = ΔH − TΔS < 0); pH places a solution on the acid–base scale. Two questions, one deterministic answer each.  Worked & sealed by the", "authority_tier": "verified", "source": "The Works — worked & sealed", "readable": false, "generated": false}, {"id": "card_src_etym_gibbsite", "title": "gibbsite", "shelf": "etymology", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "gibbsite: etymology (Webster 1913) — n.: [Named after George Gibbs.]. From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913), public domain.", "authority_tier": "reference", "source": "Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913), Project Gutenberg eBook #29765 — public domain", "readable": true, "generated": false}, {"id": "card_src_etym_epanaphora", "title": "epanaphora", "shelf": "etymology", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "epanaphora: etymology (Webster 1913) — n.: [L., fr. Gr. (Rhet.) Defn: Same as Anaphora. Gibbs.]. From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913), public domain.", "authority_tier": "reference", "source": "Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913), Project Gutenberg eBook #29765 — public domain", "readable": true, "generated": false}, {"id": "card_src_etym_epanastrophe", "title": "epanastrophe", "shelf": "etymology", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "epanastrophe: etymology (Webster 1913) — n.: [NL., from Gr. (Rhet.) Defn: Same as Anadiplosis. Gibbs.]. From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913), public domain.", "authority_tier": "reference", "source": "Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913), Project Gutenberg eBook #29765 — public domain", "readable": true, "generated": false}, {"id": "card_src_etym_telic", "title": "telic", "shelf": "etymology", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "telic: etymology (Webster 1913) — a.: [Gr. (Gram.) Defn: Denoting the final end or purpose, as distinguished from ecbatic. See Ecbatic. Gibbs.]. From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913), pu", "authority_tier": "reference", "source": "Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913), Project Gutenberg eBook #29765 — public domain", "readable": true, "generated": false}, {"id": "card_src_etym_epanalepsis", "title": "epanalepsis", "shelf": "etymology", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "epanalepsis: etymology (Webster 1913) — n.: [NL., fr. Gr. (Rhet.) Defn: A figure by which the same word or clause is repeated after intervening matter. Gibbs.]. From Webster's Revised Unabridged Dicti", "authority_tier": "reference", "source": "Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913), Project Gutenberg eBook #29765 — public domain", "readable": true, "generated": false}], "house": {"door": "FIND", "kind": "cards", "trail": "results", "seal": null, "next_step": {"do": "open the top card", "door": "FIND", "tool": "card_get", "params": {"id": "card_chem_reaction_direction"}}, "ends": "a verdict or a card · the trail · a seal · one next step"}}