{"query": "Proto-Indo-European — the reconstructed mother tongue", "count": 20, "results": [{"id": "card_n_13147996cd2f", "title": "Proto-Indo-European — the reconstructed mother tongue", "shelf": "science", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "Roughly half of humanity speaks a descendant — English, Spanish, Hindi, Russian, Persian,\nand hundreds more. Yet PIE was never written: it is RECONSTRUCTED, every form marked with a *\nto say 'inferred"}, {"id": "card_n_dcb1a67c26e8", "title": "The evolution of language — descent traced by regular law", "shelf": "science", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "Languages descend like living lineages, and the descent is RECOVERABLE — the comparative\nmethod is one of the humanities' deterministic sciences. English 'father' descends from\nProto-Indo-European *ph"}, {"id": "card_n_770170ab1111", "title": "The linguistic clock — the comparative method dates the dispersal", "shelf": "science", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "The same history is written in the words. The comparative method reconstructs ancestral\ntongues from their daughters (sealed in the language-evolution wing), and glottochronology's\nexponential vocabul"}, {"id": "card_n_31b815e166f9", "title": "Easton: Salome", "shelf": "dictionary", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "Perfect. (1.) The wife of Zebedee and mother of James and John (Mat. 27:56), and probably the sister of Mary, the mother of our Lord (John 19:25). She sought for her sons places of honour in Christ’s "}, {"id": "card_n_d36992c2f273", "title": "1 Clement XV", "shelf": "patristics", "surface": "witness", "snippet": "merely pretend to do so._ Let us cleave, therefore, to those who cultivate peace with godliness, and not to those who hypocritically profess to desire it. For [the Scripture] saith in a certain place,"}, {"id": "card_n_0dde46e47217", "title": "Augustine, Confessions §aug_conf_01_017: As a boy, then, I had already heard of an eternal life, promised us through t...", "shelf": "classics", "surface": "witness", "snippet": "As a boy, then, I had already heard of an eternal life, promised us through the humility of the Lord our God stooping to our pride; and even from the womb of my mother, who greatly hoped in Thee, I wa"}, {"id": "card_n_3121e5a544cb", "title": "Easton: Persia", "shelf": "dictionary", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "An ancient empire, extending from the Indus to Thrace, and from the Caspian Sea to the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf. The Persians were originally a Medic tribe which settled in Persia, on the eastern "}, {"id": "card_n_bc8d104f3593", "title": "Language as a tree — the method biology and linguistics share", "shelf": "science", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "Darwin himself drew the parallel: languages branch like species. And the SAME mathematics\ncounts both — for n languages OR n genes, the number of possible rooted binary trees is the\ndouble factorial ("}, {"id": "card_n_5fb49f6d21b3", "title": "Easton: Mary", "shelf": "dictionary", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "Hebrew Miriam. (1.) The wife of Joseph, the mother of Jesus, called the “Virgin Mary,” though never so designated in Scripture (Matt. 2:11; Acts 1:14). Little is known of her personal history. Her gen"}, {"id": "card_n_e596d990c2c3", "title": "Augustine, Confessions §aug_conf_09_020: Her mother-in-law also, at first by whisperings of evil servants incensed aga...", "shelf": "classics", "surface": "witness", "snippet": "Her mother-in-law also, at first by whisperings of evil servants incensed against her, she so overcame by observance and persevering endurance and meekness, that she of her own accord discovered to he"}, {"id": "card_n_e8b47f718fb7", "title": "Augustine, Confessions §aug_conf_05_015: But why I went hence, and went thither, Thou knewest, O God, yet showedst it ...", "shelf": "classics", "surface": "witness", "snippet": "But why I went hence, and went thither, Thou knewest, O God, yet showedst it neither to me, nor to my mother, who grievously bewailed my journey, and followed me as far as the sea. But I deceived her,"}, {"id": "card_c_112aed227ded", "title": "PIE instantiates language evolution", "shelf": "connections", "surface": null, "snippet": "The reconstructed ancestor."}, {"id": "card_n_5194615fb2b3", "title": "1 Clement XXII", "shelf": "patristics", "surface": "witness", "snippet": "which proclaims the misery of sinful conduct._ Now the faith which is in Christ confirms all these [admonitions]. For He Himself by the Holy Ghost thus addresses us: “Come, ye children, hearken unto m"}, {"id": "card_n_c2f68af01420", "title": "Easton: Metheg-ammah", "shelf": "dictionary", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "Bridle of the mother, a figurative name for a chief city, as in 2 Sam. 8:1, “David took Metheg-ammah out of the hand of the Philistines” (R.V., “took the bridle of the mother-city”); i.e., subdued the"}, {"id": "card_n_e0e56c013c1a", "title": "Easton: Maachah", "shelf": "dictionary", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "Oppression, a small Syrian kingdom near Geshur, east of the Hauran, the district of Batanea (Josh. 13:13; 2 Sam. 10:6, 8; 1 Chr. 19:7). (2.) A daughter of Talmai, king of the old native population of "}, {"id": "card_n_afab4911d8b8", "title": "Augustine, Confessions §aug_conf_09_015: Not long had the Church of Milan begun to use this kind of consolation and ex...", "shelf": "classics", "surface": "witness", "snippet": "Not long had the Church of Milan begun to use this kind of consolation and exhortation, the brethren zealously joining with harmony of voice and hearts. For it was a year, or not much more, that Justi"}, {"id": "card_n_cda71479d3e0", "title": "Psalm 12 — Psalm 12", "shelf": "codex", "surface": "witness", "snippet": "<<For the Chief Musician; upon an eight-stringed lyre. A Psalm of David.>> Help, Yahweh; for the godly man ceases. For the faithful fail from among the children of men. Everyone lies to his neighbor. "}, {"id": "card_n_a04c0f40de6f", "title": "Easton: Hagar", "shelf": "dictionary", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "Flight, or, according to others, stranger, an Egyptian, Sarah’s handmaid (Gen. 16:1; 21:9, 10), whom she gave to Abraham (q.v.) as a secondary wife (16:2). When she was about to become a mother she fl"}, {"id": "card_n_5c0b9f551e48", "title": "Augustine, Confessions §aug_conf_12_002: The lowliness of my tongue confesseth unto Thy Highness, that Thou madest hea...", "shelf": "classics", "surface": "witness", "snippet": "The lowliness of my tongue confesseth unto Thy Highness, that Thou madest heaven and earth; this heaven which I see, and this earth that I tread upon, whence is this earth that I bear about me; Thou m"}, {"id": "card_n_938df6b2d8d5", "title": "Easton: Ahaziah", "shelf": "dictionary", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "Held by Jehovah. (1.) The son and successor of Ahab. He followed the counsels of his mother Jezebel, and imitated in wickedness the ways of his father. In his reign the Moabites revolted from under hi"}]}