gen-define-the-reciprocity-of-exposure-settings-and-give-one-sho-045f

Define the reciprocity of exposure settings and give one short worked example.

# Reciprocity of Exposure Settings **Definition:** Reciprocity is the principle that multiple combinations of aperture, shutter speed, and ISO can produce the same total exposure. When you adjust one setting by a certain number of stops, you can compensate by adjusting another setting by the same number of stops in the opposite direction to maintain equivalent exposure. ## Worked Example **Starting settings:** f/8, 1/125s, ISO 200 **Goal:** Increase depth of field by closing down to f/16 **Solution:** - f/8 → f/16 = closing down 2 stops (letting in less light) - To compensate, we need +2 stops from either shutter speed or ISO - New settings: **f/16, 1/30s, ISO 200** (shutter 2 stops slower) - OR: **f/16, 1/125s, ISO 800** (ISO 2 stops higher) Both new combinations produce the same exposure as the original settings, demonstrating reciprocity.