gen-define-quality-control-sampling-and-give-one-short-worked-ex-cd6e

Define quality control sampling and give one short worked example.

# Quality Control Sampling **Definition:** Quality control sampling is a statistical method where a subset (sample) of items from a larger batch or lot is inspected to make decisions about the quality of the entire batch. Instead of inspecting every item (100% inspection), a predetermined number of items are randomly selected and tested against quality standards. ## Short Worked Example **Scenario:** A factory receives a shipment of 5,000 bolts. **Sampling Plan:** - Sample size: 100 bolts (randomly selected) - Acceptance criterion: Accept the lot if ≤ 2 defective bolts are found **Results:** - Inspected: 100 bolts - Defectives found: 1 bolt **Decision:** Since 1 defective ≤ 2 (acceptance number), **ACCEPT the entire lot of 5,000 bolts**. --- **Key Point:** Rather than checking all 5,000 bolts (costly and time-consuming), inspecting just 100 bolts provides a statistically valid basis for deciding whether the shipment meets quality standards. If 3 or more defects had been found, the entire lot would be rejected or subject to 100% inspection.