gen-define-protein-synthesis-and-dietary-protein-and-give-one-sh-d30f

Define protein synthesis and dietary protein and give one short worked example.

# Protein Synthesis and Dietary Protein ## **Protein Synthesis** The biological process by which cells build proteins using genetic information from DNA. It occurs in two main stages: 1. **Transcription**: DNA is copied into messenger RNA (mRNA) in the nucleus 2. **Translation**: mRNA is read by ribosomes in the cytoplasm to assemble amino acids into protein chains ## **Dietary Protein** Protein consumed through food that provides essential and non-essential amino acids needed for the body to: - Build and repair tissues - Make enzymes and hormones - Support immune function - Serve as an energy source when needed --- ## **Worked Example** **Problem**: A 70 kg adult male needs 0.8 g of protein per kg body weight daily. If he eats 200g of chicken breast (31% protein), how much of his daily requirement does this meet? **Solution**: - Daily protein requirement = 70 kg × 0.8 g/kg = **56 g** - Protein from chicken = 200 g × 0.31 = **62 g** - Percentage met = (62 ÷ 56) × 100 = **111%** **Answer**: The chicken breast provides 62 g of dietary protein, exceeding his daily requirement by 11%. This dietary protein will be digested into amino acids, absorbed, and used by cells for protein synthesis to build new proteins as needed.