gen-define-intervals-and-their-quality-and-give-one-short-worked-cda9

Define intervals and their quality and give one short worked example.

# Intervals and Their Quality ## Definition An **interval** is the distance between two pitches, measured by counting the letter names (including both notes) and modified by **quality** based on the exact number of half steps. ## Interval Qualities **Major (M), minor (m), Perfect (P):** - **Perfect (P):** unisons, 4ths, 5ths, octaves - **Major (M):** 2nds, 3rds, 6ths, 7ths - **minor (m):** one half step smaller than Major **Augmented (A) and diminished (d):** - **Augmented (A):** one half step larger than Major or Perfect - **diminished (d):** one half step smaller than minor or Perfect ## Common Intervals (from any note) | Interval | Half Steps | Example from C | |----------|------------|----------------| | m2 | 1 | C-D♭ | | M2 | 2 | C-D | | m3 | 3 | C-E♭ | | M3 | 4 | C-E | | P4 | 5 | C-F | | A4/d5 | 6 | C-F♯/G♭ | | P5 | 7 | C-G | | m6 | 8 | C-A♭ | | M6 | 9 | C-A | | m7 | 10 | C-B♭ | | M7 | 11 | C-B | | P8 | 12 | C-C | ## Worked Example **Question:** What is the interval from E to G? 1. **Count letter names:** E-F-G = **3rd** 2. **Count half steps:** E to F = 1, F to G = 2, **total = 3 half steps** 3. **Determine quality:** A 3rd with 3 half steps = **minor 3rd (m3)** **Answer: minor 3rd (m3)**