gen-define-counterpoint-basics-and-give-one-short-worked-example-e09b

Define counterpoint basics and give one short worked example.

# Counterpoint Basics **Counterpoint** is the art of combining two or more independent melodic lines that sound good both separately and together. ## Core Principles: 1. **Independence**: Each voice should have its own melodic integrity 2. **Consonance/Dissonance**: Use stable intervals (3rds, 5ths, 6ths, octaves) on strong beats; dissonances (2nds, 7ths) resolve on weak beats 3. **Contrary/Oblique motion**: Voices should often move in opposite directions to maintain independence 4. **Smooth voice leading**: Prefer stepwise motion; avoid large leaps when possible --- ## Worked Example: First Species (Note-against-Note) **Given melody (Cantus Firmus) in C major:** ``` C — D — E — F — E — D — C ``` **Adding a counterpoint line above:** ``` E — F — G — A — G — F — E (counterpoint) C — D — E — F — E — D — C (cantus firmus) ``` **Analysis:** - Intervals: 3rd — 3rd — 3rd — 3rd — 3rd — 3rd — 3rd - Begins and ends on consonances (3rd and 3rd, or could end on octave/unison) - Mostly contrary motion (both rise together here, which is acceptable in moderation) - Each line works as an independent melody - All consonant intervals used This creates a simple, harmonious two-voice texture.