gen-define-acid-base-titration-and-give-one-short-worked-example-7b44

Define acid-base titration and give one short worked example.

# Acid-Base Titration **Definition:** An acid-base titration is a quantitative analytical technique used to determine the unknown concentration of an acid or base by gradually adding a solution of known concentration (the titrant) until the reaction reaches its equivalence point, typically indicated by a color change of an indicator or pH meter reading. ## Worked Example **Problem:** What is the concentration of an HCl solution if 25.0 mL requires 18.5 mL of 0.100 M NaOH to reach the equivalence point? **Solution:** 1. **Write the balanced equation:** HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O (1:1 mole ratio) 2. **Calculate moles of NaOH:** n(NaOH) = M × V = 0.100 mol/L × 0.0185 L = 0.00185 mol 3. **Calculate moles of HCl:** From the 1:1 ratio: n(HCl) = 0.00185 mol 4. **Calculate concentration of HCl:** M(HCl) = n/V = 0.00185 mol / 0.0250 L = **0.074 M** (or 74 mM) **Answer:** The HCl concentration is 0.074 M.