{"id": "card_n_8a7790228c1d", "kind": "note", "title": "Pirkei Avot §avot_05_06: Ten things were created on the eve of the Sabbath at twilight, and these are ...", "body": "Ten things were created on the eve of the Sabbath at twilight, and these are they: [1] the mouth of the earth, [2] the mouth of the well, [3] the mouth of the donkey, [4] the rainbow, [5] the manna, [6] the staff [of Moses], [7] the shamir, [8] the letters, [9] the writing, [10] and the tablets. And some say: also the demons, the grave of Moses, and the ram of Abraham, our father. And some say: and also tongs, made with tongs.", "source": {"label": "Pirkei Avot — Ethics of the Fathers (Mishnah, c. AD 200)", "url": "/canon.html?ref=pirkei_avot_avot_05_06", "ref": "avot_05_06", "authority_tier": "external_aligned"}, "shelf": "classics", "box": "pirkei_avot", "bands": ["pirkei_avot", "ethics_of_the_fathers", "jewish_wisdom"], "connections": [{"to_card_id": "card_n_8b76ecf4db5a", "relationship": "same_section", "origin": "nesting_2026_06_12"}, {"to_card_id": "card_n_893e8b955095", "relationship": "same_section", "origin": "nesting_2026_06_12"}], "author": "engine", "created_at": "2026-05-19T13:20:58.832586+00:00", "updated_at": "2026-05-19T19:57:55.729659+00:00", "visibility": "public", "lifecycle_stage": "public", "volatility": "permanent", "metrics": {"paperclips_count": 0, "helpful_count": 0, "not_helpful_count": 0, "cite_count": 4, "walks_through_count": 0, "flagged_count": 0}, "source_hash": "bb37cd032ff6540f4e025eca267888c4a0c3c52248e6dddbf1c3d12633e76eef", "witnesses": [{"class": "manuscript_tradition", "label": "Kaufmann Codex (Budapest, 11-13th cent) — earliest complete Mishnah", "ref": "Kaufmann"}, {"class": "manuscript_tradition", "label": "Parma Codex de Rossi 138 (Italy, 13th cent)", "ref": "Parma-138"}, {"class": "critical_edition", "label": "Charles Taylor, Sayings of the Jewish Fathers (1877/1897)", "url": "https://archive.org/details/sayingsjewishfa00goog", "ref": "Taylor-1877"}, {"class": "translation", "label": "Goldin, The Living Talmud (1957)", "ref": "Goldin-1957"}, {"class": "republication", "label": "Sefaria — Pirkei Avot", "url": "https://www.sefaria.org/Pirkei_Avot", "ref": "Sefaria-PA"}], "witness_status": "passed", "witness_status_reason": "5 witnesses across 4 independence classes: ['critical_edition', 'manuscript_tradition', 'republication', 'translation']", "surface": "secular"}