Resistor — Ohm's law, the linear floor of the bench

V = I·R — sealed in-domain by the electrical fleet (12 V = 0.5 A × 24 Ω): https://narrowhighway.com/s/1ee0d3ed486453eee0967146a531984888709198b39fb16a7b2c2a5f58ef1b73 . The honest note: Ohm's 'law' is a material property of linear conductors, not a universal law — real resistors drift with temperature and fail outside their ratings. The relation seals; the material is empirical.