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Oriental Orthodoxy — the non-Chalcedonian (Miaphysite) churches (distinct after AD 451)
tradition
The Oriental Orthodox communion — Coptic, Syriac, Armenian Apostolic, Ethiopian, Eritrean and Malankara (Indian) churches (~60 million today). It holds the first three ecumenical councils (Nicaea, Constantinople, Ephesus) and the Nicene Creed, but did NOT receive the Council of Chalcedon (AD 451); it confesses one united nature of the incarnate Word (Miaphysite), distinguishing itself from both Nestorianism and Eutychianism. An ancient apostolic communion — gathered and cited, never judged; recent dialogues have narrowed the historic Christological difference with the Chalcedonian churches to largely terminological.
- on the shelf of → The churches — one Lord, many traditions, calibrated — an ancient apostolic tradition of the one Church
- builds on → The Early Biblical Church — the apostolic root (c. AD 33) — Oriental Orthodoxy (Miaphysite) — Coptic, Syriac, Armenian, Ethiopian, Eritrean, Malankara
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